"형용사 역할"을 하는 "현재분사"를 보시겠습니다.
형용사적 용법의 현재분사는 "현재 진행형"이나 "관계 대명사"와 많은 관계를 가지고 있습니다.
제가 포스팅한 "현재 진행형의 변신"과 "관계 대명사"를 참고해 보시기 바랍니다.
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"현재분사"는 "동사+ing" 형태를 가지고 있습니다.
먼저 한정적 용법입니다.
It was an amazing film. (훌륭한 영화)
그것은 훌륭한 영화였다.
He was trapped inside the burning house. (붙타는 집)
그는 불타는 집에 갖혔다.
Many of his paintings show the setting sun. (지는 해)
많은 그의 그림은 지는해를 보여준다.
I heard someone singing. (노래하는 어떤사람)
나는 누군가가 노래하는 것을 들었다.
Working people are the foundation of society. (일하는 사람들)
일하는 사람들이 사화의 기초이다.
He saw his friend walking along the road. (길을 따라 걷는 친구)
그는 길을 따라 걸어가는 친구를 보았다.
I watched the birds flying away. (멀리 날아가는 새)
나는 멀리 날아가는 새를 보았다.
The lady standing over there is my boss. (저쪽에 서있는 숙녀)
저기 서있는 저 숙녀가 나의 상관이다.
We found some money lying on the ground. (땅에 놓여있는 약간의 돈)
우리는 땅에 놓여있는 약간의 돈을 발견했다.
They found their mother sitting in the garden. (정원에 앉아 있는 어머니)
그들은 그들 어머니가 정원에 앉아계시는 것을 보았다.
🙇
위 문장들은 "관계 대명사"의 문장중 "관계 대명사+be 동사"가 생략된 것과 같습니다.
It was an film which is amazing.
He was trapped inside the house which was burning.
Many of his paintings show the sun which is setting.
I heard someone who was singing.
people who are working are the foundation of society. (일하는 사람들)
He saw his friend who was walking along the road.
I watched the birds which were flying away.
The lady who is standing over there is my boss.
We found some money which was lying on the ground.
They found their mother who was sitting in the garden.
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명사를 꾸미는 현재분사 (동사+ing)가 달랑 하나만 있으면 명사앞에 놓습니다.
(someone은 예외)
amazing film.
burning house.
setting sun.
working people
someone singing.
하지만 뒤에 뭔가 따라오면 명사 뒤에 놓습니다.
friend walking along the road.
birds flying away.
lady standing over there
money lying on the ground.
mother sitting in the garden.
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위 문장들의 "꾸밈을 받는 명사"와 "꾸며주는 현재분사"와의 관계는 다음과 같습니다.
The film is amazing.
The house is burning.
The sun is setting.
Someone is singing.
His friend is walking along the road.
The birds are flying away.
You are stealing my apples.
Some money is lying on the ground.
Their mother is sitting in the garden.
즉. "꾸밈을 받는 명사"와 "꾸며주는 현재분사"가 능동의 관계라는 것입니다.
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현재분사가 서술적으로 쓰이는 경우 중 주격보어입니다.
His family go shopping every Saturday.
우리 가족은 토요일마다 장보러 간다.
우리 가족은 토요일마다 장보러 간다.
Tom sat watching the game on TV.
탐은 TV를 보며 앉아 있었다).
탐은 TV를 보며 앉아 있었다).
They stood looking at the picture.
그들은 그 사진을 보며 서 있었다.
그들은 그 사진을 보며 서 있었다.
He came running into the room.
그는 뛰어서 방으로 들어왔다.
그는 뛰어서 방으로 들어왔다.
She stood leaning against the wall.
그녀는 벽에 기대어 서있었다.
그녀는 벽에 기대어 서있었다.
Mary kept crying for an hour.
매리는 한시간 동안 계속 울었다.
매리는 한시간 동안 계속 울었다.
They would often go fishing in the lake.
그들은 가끔 호수로 낚시하러 가곤 했다.
그들은 가끔 호수로 낚시하러 가곤 했다.
위 문장들은 2형식입니다.
따라서 모든 동사를 "Be동사"로 바꾸어 놓아도 문장이 형성이 됩니다.
(2형식문장의 특성입니다)
His family are shopping every Saturday.
Tom was watching the game on TV.
They were looking at the picture.
He was running into the room.
She was leaning against the wall.
Mary was crying for an hour.
They were fishing in the lake.
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현재분사가 목적격보어 역할을 하는 경우입니다.
She heard the phone ringing. (전화기가 울리다)
We listen to the band singing. (밴드가 노래하다)
We smelled something burning. (뭔가 타다)
I saw him riding a bicycle. (그가 타다)
We smelled something burning. (뭔가 타다)
I saw him riding a bicycle. (그가 타다)
Jane kept him waiting. (그를 기다리게 하다.)
I saw him playing the piano. (그가 피아노 치다)
They felt the wall shaking. (벽이 흔들리다.)
They kept the light burning. (계속 켜 두다)
The lady leaves the baby crying. (아기가 울다)
위 문장들은 5형식이며 다음과 같은 관계입니다.
She heard that the phone was ringing.
We listen to the band who is singing.
We smelled something which is burning.
I saw that he is riding a bicycle.
Jane kept him who is waiting.
I saw that he was playing the piano.
They felt that the wall is shaking.
They kept the light which is burning.
The lady leaves the baby who is crying.
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"형용사 역할"을 하는 "과거분사"를 보시겠습니다.
형용사적 용법의 관계분사는 "수동태"나 "관계 대명사"와
많은 관계를 가지고 있습니다.
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He had a broken arm. (부러진 팔)
We could see lot's of fallen leaves on the street. (떨어진 잎)
There is a hidden signature in the picture. (숨겨진 싸인)
She gave us baked potatoes for snack. (구운 감자)
The stolen baby was found by the police unharmed. (잃어버린 아이)
The wounded soldiers were carried to the hospital. (부상당한 군인)
Please bring all of the required documents for your interview tomorrow. (요구되는 서류)
The boy taken to hospital has recovered. (병원에 실려간 소년)
I have a heart wracked with sorrow. (슬픔으로 상처난 마음)
The phone repaired by that mechanic works well. (그 기술자가 고친 전화)
I didn't open the letter sent to me yesterday. (내게 보내어진 편지)
The novel written by Hemingway is interesting. (헤밍웨이에 의해 쓰여진 소설)
The painting damaged by water can't be restored forever. (물로 망가진 그림)
🙇
위 문장들도 현재분사와 마찬가지로
"관계 대명사"의 문장중 "관계 대명사 +be 동사"가 생략된 것과 같습니다.
He had an arm which is broken. (부러진 팔)
We could see lot's of leaves which were fallen on the street. (떨어진 잎)
There is a signature which is hidden in the picture. (숨겨진 싸인)
She gave us potatoes which were baked for snack. (구운 감자)
The baby who was stolen was found by the police unharmed. (잃어버린 아이)
The soldiers who were wounded were carried to the hospital. (부상당한 군인)
Please bring all of the documents which is required for your interview tomorrow. (요구되는 서류)
The boy who was taken to hospital has recovered. (병원에 실려간 소년)
I have a heart which is wracked with sorrow. (슬픔으로 상처난 마음)
My phone which is repaired by that mechanic works well. (그 기술자가 고친 전화)
I didn't open the letter which is sent to me yesterday. (내게 보내어진 편지)
The novel which was written by Hemingway is interesting. (헤밍웨이에 의해 쓰여진 소설)
The painting which is damaged by water can't be restored forever. (물로 망가진 그림)
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명사를 꾸미는 과거분사(동사+ed)가 달랑 하나만 있으면 명사앞에 놓습니다.
(앞 7문장)
broken arm
fallen leaves
hidden signature
baked potatoes
stolen baby
wounded soldiers
required documents
과거분사(동사+ed) 뒤에 따라오는 것들이 있으면 명사뒤에 놓습니다.
(나머지 6문장)
boy taken to hospital
heart wracked with sorrow
phone repaired by that mechanic
letter sent to me
novel written by Hemingway
painting damaged by water
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위 문장들의 "꾸밈을 받는 명사"와 "꾸며주는 "과거분사"와의 관계는 다음과 같습니다.
His arm is broken
The leaves are fallen
The signature is hidden
The potatoes are baked
The baby is stolen
The soldiers are wounded
The documents is required
The boy is taken to hospital
My heart is wracked with sorrow
My phone is repaired by that mechanic
The letter is sent to me
The novel is written by Hemingway
The painting is damaged by water
즉. "꾸밈을 받는 명사"와 "꾸며주는 현재분사"가 수동의 관계라는 것입니다.
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과거분사의 서술적용법입니다.
자동사 다음에서 주격보어 역할을 하는 경우입니다.
I feel satisfied with your offer. (만족을 느끼다)
The mystery remains unsolved. (미해결로 남아있다)
The soldier got injured in the war. (부상을 당했다)
She looked worried about that. (걱정스로워 보이다)
Susan became frustrated with her failure. (절망하게 되다)
위 문장들은 2형식입니다.
따라서 모든 동사를 "Be동사"로 바꾸어 놓아도 문장이 형성이 됩니다.
I am satisfied with your offer.
The mystery is unsolved.
The soldier was injured in the war.
She was worried about that.
Susan was frustrated with her failure.
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타동사의 목적격보어 역할을 하는 경우입니다.
She heard her name called. (불리어진 이름)
They found the street crowded with people. (가득찬 거리)
George saw those questions unanswered. (풀fl지 않은 문제)
We could not make ourselves understood in Korean. (이해받는 우리)
We found the top of the mountain covered with snow. (덮여진 산 정상)
I wanted my car washed before we leave . (씻기워진 차)
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위 문장들은 5형식이며 다음과 같은 관계입니다.
She heard her name which was called.
They found the street which was crowded with people.
George saw those questions which were unanswered.
We could not make that ourselves were understood in Korean.
We found the top of the mountain which was covered with snow.
I wanted my car which was washed before we leave.
🙇
name was called.
street was crowded
questions were unanswered
ourselves were understood
top of the mountain was covered
car was washed
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"have, get+목적어+과거분사"의 형태로 쓰인 목적보어(과거분사)는
"~~ 시키다" ~당하다"라는 의미를 갖습니다.
She got her room cleaned. (방을 청소해 받다.)
I am going to have my hair cut. (이발을 해받다.)
Smith had his car washed. (세차해 받다)
They had their picture taken. (사진찍힘을 당하다)
I'd like to have my gift wrapped. (포장을 해 받다)
John had his purse stolen. (지갑을 도난당하다)
He got his leg broken. (다리가 부러지다)
🙇
꼭 기억하셔야 할점,
"get, have+목적어+원형부정사" 와
"get, have+목적어+과거분사"의 모양이 비슷해 헷갈린수 있다는 것입니다.
두 가지 모두 5형식이지만
"have+목적어+원형부정사"에서는 "목적어와 원형부정사"가 능동의 관계이며
"have+목적어+과거분사"에서는 수동의 관계입니다.
Mom had me clean my room. (I cleaned my room)
Mom had my room cleaned. (My room was cleaned by someone)
I had him fix my car. (He fixed my car)
I had my car fixed. (My car car was fixed by someone)
John got me take his picture. (I took John's picture)
John got his picture taken by me. (John's picture was taken by me)
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