where, when, why, how
문장의 부사적 요소 (장소, 시간, 이유, 방법, 양, 크기, 정도 등)에 대한 궁금증이나
의문사항을 묻는 의문사들입니다.
그래서 "의문부사"라고 불리웁니다.
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where
장소나 위치를 물을때 사용하는 의문사입니다.
Where is my passport?
내 여권이 어디에 있나요?
Where do you live?
어디 사세요?
Where has she come from?
그녀는 어디서 왔나요?
Where can I find him
그를 어디서 찾을수 있나요?
Where did you plan to sleep tonight?
오늘밤 어디서 잘 예정이세요?
Where are you going on your date tonight?
오늘밤 데이트로 어디를 가려 하나요?
Where do you usually go to get a haircut?
보통 머리깍으러 어디로 가나요?
Where should I throw away this empty cup?
이 빈컵을 어디다 버려야 하나요?
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"의문부사"가 사용된 문장이 종속절로 쓰이면 의문사 뒤의 순서가 평서문으로 바뀝니다.
(이는 "의문대명사, 의문형용사"에도 마찬가지였습니다.)
Where is my passport?
(I don't know where my passport is.)
Where do you live?
(She asked me where you live?)
Where has she come from?
(We can't tell where she has come from.)
Where can I find him?
(Could you tell me where I can find him?)
Where did you plan to sleep tonight?
(You should let us know where you plan to sleep tonight.)
Where are you going on your date tonight?
(I am interest in where you are going on your date tonight.)
* 모든 "의문종속절"은 목적격입니다.*
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when
시간이나 때를 묻는 의문사입니다.
When does the train arrive?
기차가 언제 도착하나요?
When are you going to grow up?
언제 철이 들래니?
When will you finish this job?
언제 이일을 마칠수 있으세요?
When did he say he would come?
그가 언제 올꺼라고 하던가요?
When will the concert be held?
그 콘서트가 언제 열리나요?
When did you start studying English?
언제 영어를 공부하기 시작했나요?
When will you come back to school?
언제 복학하려고 하세요?
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종속절로 쓰일 경우,
When does the train arrive?
(I don't know when the train arrive.)
When are you going to grow up?
(She asked me when I am going to grow up.)
When will you finish this job?
(We can't tell when you will finish this job.)
When did he say he would come?
(Could you tell me when he said he would come)
When will the concert be held?
(You should let us know when the concert will be held.)
When did you start studying English?
(I am wondering when you started studying English.)
* 모든 :의문종속절"은 목적격입니다."
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why
이유를 묻는 의문사입니다.
Why are you so late?
왜 이리 늦었니?
Why are you crying?
왜 우니?
Why did you quit?
왜 그만 두었니?
Why do you hate her?
왜 그녀를 미워하세요?
Why do you want to go there?
왜 그곳에 가고 싶으세요?
Why do you want to become a nurse?
왜 간호사가 되고 싶으세요?
Why didn't you phone before coming?
왜 오기전에 전화하지 않았니?
Why are there empty beer bottles in the garden?
마당에 어째서 빈 맥주병이 있는 것일까?
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종속절로 쓰일 경우,
Why are you so late?
(I don't know why you are so late.)
Why are you crying?
(She asked me why you are crying.)
Why do you hate her?
(We can't tell why you hate her.)
Why do you want to go there?
(Could you tell me why you want to go there.)
Why didn't you call before coming?
(You should let us know why you didn't call before coming.)
Why do you want to become a nurse?
(I am wondering why you want to become a nurse.)
* 모든 "의문종속절"은 목적격입니다."
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how
가장 다양하게 쓰이는 의문부사입니다.
단독으로 쓰이면 "어떠냐" "어떻게" 등의 상태, 방법을 묻습니다.
How are you?
안녕하세요?
How are you doing?
안녕하세요? 캐나다에서는 "How are you?"보다 더 많이 쓰입니다.
How did you do it?
그걸 어떻게 했니?
How was the experience?
해보시니 어떠세요?
How did you make this doll?
이 인형 어떻게 만드셨어요?
How do you operate this computer?
이 콤퓨터 어떻게 작동하나요?
이 콤퓨터 어떻게 작동하나요?
How did you arrive at the conclusion?
어떻게 그런 결론에 도달했나요?
How can you eat a freezer full of pizzas in one evening?
어떻게 하루저녁에 피자로 가득찬 냉장고를 싹 먹어치울수 있니?: 질문이라기 보다는 놀라움을 표현했습니다.
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how many
셀수 있는 명사의 갯수를 묻습니다.
How many sweets have you eaten?
단것을 몇개나 먹었니?
How many computers have you had so far?
지금까지 콤퓨터를 몇대나 소유하셨나요?
How many students are there in the class?
반에 학생이 몇명이니?
How many different schools have you attended?
몇개나 다른 학교를 다녀 보셨나요?
How many eggs were you able to get yesterday?
어제 달걀 몇개를 수확할수 있었니?
How many times do you think you've eaten here?
여기서 몇번이나 식사했다고 생각하세요?
How many hours a day does she spend in the kitchen?
그녀는 하루에 몇시간이나 부엌에서 보내나요?
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how much
셀수없는 명사의 정도, 양을 묻습니다.
How much is that dress?
이 드레스 얼마인가요?
How much did you pay?
얼마 줬나요? 얼마를 지불하셨나요?
How much more do you want?
얼마나 더 원하세요?
How much more coke are you going to drink?
얼마나 더 많은 코크를 마실 예정이니?
How much do you feed your dog?
당신은 개를 얼마큼 먹이세요?
How much more work do you have?
일이 얼마나 더 남아있나요?
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how + 형용사, 부사
형용사나 부사의 정도를 묻습니다.
How large is the pizza they serve at that restaurant?
(형용사: 그 식당에서 제공하는 피자는 얼마마 크나요?)
How old were you when you had your first girlfriend?
(형용사: 첫번째 여자친구를 만났을때가 몇살이었나요?)
How long is left until the end of the film?
(부사: 영화가 끝날때까지 얼마나 더 남았나요?)
How long will you stay here?
(부사: 여기 얼마나 더 오래 머물 예정인가요?)
How often do you come to the cinema?
(부사: 영화관에 얼마나 자주 오세요?)
How quickly can you get home?
(부사: 얼마나 신속하게 집에 도착하세요?)
How soon can you begin work?
(부사: 얼마나 빨리 일을 착수할수 있나요?)
How far can you go?
(부사: 얼마나 멀리 갌수 있나요?)
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종속절로 쓰일 경우,
How did you do it?
(I want to know how you did it.)
How was the experience?
(Could tell me how the experience was?)
How many sweets have you eaten?
(My mom asked me how many sweets I have eaten)
How many computers have you had so far?
(It is not easy to tell how many computers I have had so far)
How much is that dress?
(She is wondering how much that dress is.)
How much do you feed your dog?
(He asked me how much I feed my dog.)
How often do you come to the cinema?
(It depends on how often you come to the cinema.)
How quickly can you get home?
(It is important how quickly you can get home.)
* 모든 "의문종속절"은 목적격입니다."
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의문부사 + to 부정사
주절과 종속절의 주어가 같으면 "의문부사 + to 부정사"로 바꾸는게 일반적입니다.
He wanted to know when he should go. (그는 언제 가야 할지 알고 싶어했다.)
He wanted to know when to go.
She asked where she could take the train . (그녀는 어디서 기차를 탈수있는지 물었다.)
She asked where to take the train.
They tried to figure out how they could fix the machine. (그들은 어떻게 그 기계를 고쳐야 하는지 알아내려고 애썼다.)
They tried to figure out how to fix the machine.
He explained why he should reject it. (그는 왜 그것을 거부했는지 설명했다.)
He explained why to reject it.
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주절의 목적어(사람)와 종속절의 주어가 같아도 "의문부사 + to 부정사"로 바꾸는게 일반적입니다.
I going to show you where you have to go. (네가 어디로 가야할지 가르쳐 주겠다.)
I going to show you where to go.
He told me when I should take it. (그가 언제 내가 그것을 취해야 할지 얘기해 주었다.)
He told me when to take it.
His wife explained to him why he should reject it. (그의 부인이 그에게 왜 그것을 거부해야 하는지 설명해 주었다.)
His wife explained to him why to reject it.
Would you advise me where I should visit in Canada ? (캐나다 어디를 방문해야 할지 조언 좀 해주시겠어요?)
Would you advise me where to visit in Canada ?
Could you show me how I could fix it? (그것을 어떻게 고쳐야 할지 가르쳐 주시겠어요?)
Could you show me how to fix it?
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